A child presents with a wheezing cough and is in respiratory distress. What initial treatment should be provided?

Administering a bronchodilator via nebulization is the initial treatment of choice for a child presenting with a wheezing cough and respiratory distress. Wheezing is often indicative of bronchospasm or narrowing of the airways, commonly seen in conditions such as asthma or reactive airway disease. Bronchodilators work by relaxing the muscles around the airways, leading to dilation and improved airflow. This immediate action helps alleviate wheezing and respiratory distress, which is crucial in stabilizing the child.

The other options do not provide the immediate relief required in this situation. Providing supplemental oxygen can be necessary, especially if there are signs of hypoxia, but it does not address the underlying issue of airway constriction. Encouraging lying flat may not be beneficial and could potentially worsen respiratory distress, as sitting upright is typically more comfortable for children experiencing breathing difficulties. Administering oral corticosteroids is not appropriate as a first-line treatment in acute respiratory distress; steroids are beneficial in reducing inflammation but take time to exert their effects and should not be the first measure taken in an urgent situation.